Introduction
Gurpurab (derived from Guru and Purab, meaning auspicious occasion) refers to the sacred Sikh anniversaries celebrating the birth (Parkash Purab), martyrdom (Shaheedi Purab), or accession of the ten Sikh Gurus. They are observed with profound devotion in Gurdwaras worldwide.
Major Gurpurab Celebrations
- Guru Nanak Dev Ji Parkash Purab: The birth anniversary of Sikhism’s founder, celebrated on the full moon day of Kartik (November).
- Guru Gobind Singh Ji Parkash Purab: Celebrating the birth of the tenth Guru in December/January.
- Guru Arjan Dev Ji Shaheedi Purab: Commemorating the fifth Guru’s supreme martyrdom in May/June.
- Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji Shaheedi Purab: Commemorating the ninth Guru’s martyrdom defending human rights and religious freedom in November/December.
How Gurpurab is Celebrated
Celebrations begin days in advance with early morning street processions (Prabhat Pheris) and a continuous 48-hour reading of the Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji (Akhand Path). On the day of Gurpurab, Gurdwaras are illuminated with lights, sweet sacred pudding (Karah Prasad) is distributed, and communal Langar is served to all.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is an Akhand Path during Gurpurab?
A non-stop, continuous 48-hour reading of the entire Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji by a team of readers.
What are Prabhat Pheris?
Early morning walks through the neighborhood singing devotional hymns before dawn leading up to Gurpurab.
Which Gurpurab is celebrated with the grandest lighting?
Guru Nanak Dev Ji’s Parkash Purab, where Gurdwaras like the Golden Temple are illuminated with thousands of lamps and deep-mala.